Multiple structure profile for the production of windows and door frames

ABSTRACT

Profile for window and door frames which is formed by an outer metal profile ( 1, 2 ), a plastic profile ( 3, 4 ), a resin layer ( 5 ) and an inner wood fillet ( 6, 7 ). The plastic profile ( 3, 4 ) is coupled to the metal profile ( 1, 2 ) thanks to two plastic wings ( 8, 9 ) on the elastic profile engaged in grooves on the metal profile. The plastic profile ( 3, 4 ) is engaged to the wood fillet ( 6, 7 ) by the resin layer ( 5 ) which fills a channel formed by spacing the metal profile apart from the plastic profile by an arm between the two profiles.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention consists of a profile formed by the union of fourelements; it is validly used in the field of window and door frames.

BACKGROUND ART

The technique of connecting aluminium profiles and wood fillets aimed atforming window and door frames has been known for some time now. Themetallic profile constitutes the outer part of the frame, while the woodmakes its inner part. Thus, the weather resistance and waterproofproperties of aluminium and the beauty and thermal insulating propertiesof wood are all exploited.

Metal can be coupled with wood by means of a bonding resin, which ispercolated in the space present between these materials. It is forexample known the European Patent filed with no. 91116315.2 andpublished with no. 0 479 106. In this invention, the profile is formedby metal and wood with the interposition of a bonding resin layer. Thewood is divided into a plurality of laths placed tightly one close tothe other adjacents held together by at least said bonding resin layer.This last one is divided by detachers. Between the bonding resin layerand the metal, also a layer of dethaching materials is applied in orderto allow a longitudinal relative sliding between the bonding resin layerand the metal.

Yet, more recently, the method of coupling these materials by means ofan intermediate plastic profile spread. For instance, the InternationalPatent filed with no. PCT/EP92/02105 is well known. In this invention,the plastic profile has wings tending towards the outer part of theframe, and fit with corresponding wings created on the wall headingtowards the inner part of the frame of the outer metallic profile. Indetail, the fitting takes place between a rib created on the lateralinternal wall of each metallic wing and a complementary groove createdon the lateral outer wall of the plastic wing.

Other metallic wings can be present between the above mentioned plasticwings with the function of maintaining the latter in pretensioningduring coupling. The intermediate plastic profile is equipped, on theopposite side of the one in which the above mentioned wings arepositioned, with at least one rib which fits in a corresponding groovecreated in the wood element on the wall tending towards the externalpart of the frame.

The International Patent filed with no. PCT/EP94/01273 describes aninterconnected profile in which, between the metal profile and theplastic profile, there is an anchorage enabling a sliding movement in alongitudinal and transversal sense between these two profiles. Thisanchorage is obtained by the union of the external elements of shearjoint of the plastic profile and those of the metal profile and betweenthe internal elements of joint of the two profiles constituted by tworeturn flanges of the plastic profile and a corresponding number offlanges of the metal profile. These are equipped with a convex surfaceor with an angle-bent surface. The return flanges of the plasticprofile, used to restore the interconnected elements after a transversalmovement, are deformed during the assembling stage so that they pressagainst the flanges of the metal profile.

Even though they do not deny the validity of the above mentionedinventions, it has to be considered the fact that the movements betweenthe intermediate plastic profile and the wood fillet are extremelylimited. Yet it is well known that, in case of a thermal shock, sincethe plastic material and wood have a different dilation, the frameformed in this way can undergo permanent deformations.

The ribs of the plastic profile, in both Patents, are pushed withstrength in the grooves of the wood fillet. In order to ease thisoperation a certain tolerance between these elements is envisaged. Yet,in the minimum space that is therein created, water and air caninfiltrate with the consequence of the deterioration of wood, caused byhumidity, fungus, mildew etc.

Furthermore, the screws fixing the accessories of movement of each sashare fixed onto the metal profile of the sash itself, directly or afterhaving drilled the plastic profile. The screws therefore constitute asmany thermal bridges which transmit heat from the outside towards theinside of the metal profile causing condensation or even the formationof dew.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

Aim of the invention is that of creating a several elements profilethat, thanks to its building characteristics, does not undergo the abovementioned problems.

These as well as other aims are met by the profile for the production ofwindow and door frames as in object, which is formed by a outer metalprofile, a plastic material profile, a bonding resin layer and an innerwood fillet.

The plastic profile is equipped with two wings tending towards the outerpart of the frame, which laterally embrace the metal profile and slideon it until they meet two wings made on the lateral walls of the metalprofile itself. The end of each wing tending towards the outer part ofthe frame comprises a support pin which is shaped so it shows a ribtending towards the lateral wall of the metal profile. On each lateralwall of the latter profile, starting from the metal wing, a groove iscreated, having an edge at its end facing the plastic profile.

The wings of the metal profile are chamfered and thus they press thesupport pins, forcing their ribs to enter in the grooves of the metalprofile. The shear between the tooth of each rib and the edge of thecorresponding groove, even granting that the two profiles cannot detachone from the other, enables the longitudinal sliding of a profile ascompared to the other.

The metal profile of each sash shows the wall facing the inner part ofthe frame moulded in such a way that, after the coupling of the metalprofile with the plastic profile, between the two profiles a chamber isformed. Its extension is sufficient to handle the screws fixing theaccessories of movement of the sash itself.

On the wall facing the wood fillet, the plastic profile furthermorecomprises at least two wings tending towards the wood fillet itself. Atleast one of these wings or an arm extending from one of these wings ispositioned on a base edge on the side of connection with the wood filletto carry out the double function of constant fixed spacer of the woodfillet from the plastic profile and of acting as a containing part ofthe bonding resin percolated.

At least two wings of the wall of the plastic profile facing the woodfillet have the ends hook-bent so that between them and the named wallof the plastic profile some channels, facing each other, are formed.

In the sash, at least one of said wings of the plastic profile facingthe wood fillet is extended with an arm having the function of hookingthe wood fillet. In the jamb, at least one of said wings of the plasticprofile facing the wood fillet is extended with an arm having thefunction of embracing its lateral outer wall, partially protecting itagainst weather. This last arm houses in an adequate groove created inthe wood fillet itself.

On the wood fillet wall facing the outer part of the frame some slotsare created, preferably moulded in dovetail profile.

In the dead bottom channel existing between the plastic profile, thewood fillet and the wing or arm acting as containing part the resin isinjected. The resin fixes on the wood fillet. The above mentioned slotscreated on the wood fillet enable the resin to increase the supportsurface and therefore to increase the cohesion of the resin itself withwood. The resin also covers the surface of the plastic profile facingthe wood fillet but it does not fix on the plastic profile. Thehook-shaped wings of the plastic profile, though, act as retainers thatavoid the resin to detach from the plastic profile, only enabling it tolongitudinally slide with respect to it.

The so formed profile therefore enables a double longitudinal innersliding: between the resin and the plastic profile and between thelatter and the metal profile. This enables the maximum balance tothermal dilations.

The resin completely fills the slots of the wood fillet and melts withit thus strengthening the structure of the frame. The outer wall of thewood fillet is this way protected from water and air.

The screws fixing the accessories of movement of each sash are fixed tothe plastic profile and are housed in the channel existing between thelatter and the metal profile. Therefore the screws no longer constitutesources of conduction of the external temperature towards the inside ofthe metal profile.

The metal is completely isolated from the wood because between the twoprofiles constituted by these two materials the plastic profile and theresin are interposed. There is no contact between metal and wood.

The shear between the wings of the plastic profile and the grooves ofthe metal profile, thanks to the shape of the parts in contact, isextremely safe and avoid the possible detachment of the parts eventhough the pressure of the metal chamfered metal wings reduces (becauseof their flexibility) on the hooking pins.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

The present invention is hereinafter further clarified with reference tothe enclosed sheets of drawings in which:

FIG. 1 shows a transversal cross section of a sash of a frame accordingto the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a transversal cross section of a jamb of the same windowframe;

FIGS. 3 and 4 show the transversal cross section of the metal profilesused;

FIGS. 5 and 6 show the transversal cross section of the plastic profilesused;

FIG. 7 shows, in more details, the transversal cross section of one ofthe hooking area between the metal profile and the plastic profile.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

In more detail, and with reference to the enclosed drawings, the profilefor the production of window and door frames as in subject has an outermetal profile 1, 2, a plastic profile 3, 4, a bonding resin layer 5 andan inner wood fillet 6, 7.

The plastic profile 3, 4 is equipped with two wings 8, 9 tending towardsthe outer part of the frame that embrace the metal profile 1, 2 andslide on it until they meet two wings 10, 11 created on the lateralwalls of the metal profile 1, 2 itself. The distal ends of the wings 8,9 of the plastic profile 3, 4 comprise support pins 12 which are shapedso that they show ribs 13 facing the metal profile 1, 2. Incorrespondence of each rib 13 on the metal profile 1, 2 a groove 14 iscreated, having an edge at its end facing the plastic profile 3, 4.

The wings 10, 11 of the metal profile 1, 2 are chamfered once the wings8, 9 of the plastic profile 3, 4 are in place, which is to say when thesupport pins 12 face the grooves 14. The chamfered metal wings 10, 11press the support pins 12 of the wings 8, 9 of the plastic profile 3, 4thus forcing the ribs 13 inside the grooves 14. The tooth existing onthe proximal end of each rib 13 is therefore fixed against the edge ofthe corresponding groove 14. Even though the flexibility of the metalwings 10, 11 tends to make them go back to their original position, therib 13 of each support pin 12 cannot at this stage get out of the groove14 thanks to the shear between each rib 13 and the corresponding groove14. It prevents the profiles 1, 2, 3, 4 to detach one from the other butenables a correct sliding of the plastic profile 3, 4 with respect tothe metal profile 1, 2.

The plastic profile 3, 4 shows, on the wall facing the wood fillet 6, 7,two wings 15, 16. These wings 15, 16 have the ends hook-bent so thatsome channels—that face each other—form between them and the wall of theplastic profile 3, 4, from which they originate.

A wing 15 of the plastic profile 3 being a part of the sash prolongswith an arm 17 whose distal end, “U” shaped, hooks to the wood fillet 6.A wing 16 of the plastic profile 4 being part of the jamb prolongs withan arm 18 which embraces the outer radial wall of the wood fillet 7 andhouses in an adequate groove 19 created on the wood fillet 7.

The arm 17 of the plastic profile 3 of the sash and the wing 16 of theplastic profile 4 of the jamb are positioned on a base edge on the sideof connection with the wood fillet 6, 7. They carry out the doublefunction of fixed constant spacer of the wood fillet 6, 7 from theplastic profile 3, 4 and of being as a containing parts for thepercolated bonding resin 5.

The dovetail slots 20, 21 are created on the wood fillet wall 6, 7converging towards the outer part of the frame.

On the dead bottom channel existing between the plastic profile 3, 4,the wood fillet 6, 7 and the wing 16 or arm 17, the resin 5 is injected.The resin also fills the above mentioned slots 20, 21, created on thewood fillet 6, 7. The resin 5, once it has set, permanently fixes to thewood fillet 6, 7.

The resin 5 also covers the surface of the plastic profile 3, 4 tendingtowards the wood fillet 6, 7 but it does not fix to the plastic profile3, 4 itself. The hook-shaped wings 15, 16 of the plastic profile,though, act as retainers and avoid the resin 5 to detach from theplastic profile 3, 4 only enabling it to longitudinally slide withrespect to it.

The so formed four element profile therefore enables a doublelongitudinal inner sliding: between the resin 5 and the plastic profile3,4 and between the latter and the metal profile 1,2.

The metal profile 1 of each sash shows the wall converging towards theinner part of the frame approximately “S” shaped so that, after thecoupling of the metal profile 1 with the plastic profile 3, between thetwo profiles 1, 3 a chamber 22 forms, with an extension sufficient tohouse the screws fixing the accessories of movement of the sash itself.

What is claimed is:
 1. Multiple structure profile for the production ofa window and door frame, comprising: a metal profile (1, 2) forming anouter part of the frame, a wing (10, 11) projecting from each lateralface of the metal profile forming a groove (14) between the wing (10,11) and the lateral face; a plastic profile (3, 4) having two wings (8,9) extending laterally from a first side of the plastic profile whichare respectively engaged in each said groove (14), the plastic profile(3, 4) further having at least two wings (15, 16) extending from asecond side of the plastic profile and having hook shaped ends formingchannels facing each other, a wood fillet (6, 7) forming an inner partof the frame having dovetail profile slots (20, 21) on a side facing thesecond side of the plastic profile, the wood fillet (6, 7) being spacedapart from the plastic profile by an arm (17, 18) projecting from one ofthe two wings (15, 16) extending from the second side of the plasticprofile and engaging the wood fillet (6, 7), wherein a space is formedbetween the plastic profile (3, 4) and the wood fillet (6, 7); and aresin layer (5) filling the space including the channels and thedovetail profile slots so as to engage the plastic profile and the woodfillet together.
 2. The multiple structure profile according to claim 1,wherein the groove (14) has an edge at the lateral face and each of thetwo wings (8, 9) on the first side of the plastic profile has a supportpin (12) with a rib (13) on a free end of the two wings (8, 9).
 3. Themultiple structure profile, according to claim 2, wherein the wings (10,11) on the metal profile (1, 2) are chamfered and compress the supportpins (12) on the wings (8, 9) of the plastic profile (3, 4); when theribs (13) of the support pins (12) are pushed inside the grooves (14) ofthe metal profile (1, 2) to engage the metal profile (1, 2) and theplastic profile (3, 4) together.
 4. The multiple structure profile,according to claim 3, wherein each rib (13) and the edge of thecorresponding groove (14) are engaged to prevent the metal profile (1,2) from detaching from the plastic profile (3, 4) but enable alongitudinal sliding of the plastic profile (3, 4) with respect to themetal profile (1, 2).
 5. The multiple structure profile, according toclaim 1, wherein the engagement between the plastic profile (3, 4) andthe wood fillet (6, 7) is made by injecting the resin layer (5) into thespace between the plastic profile (3, 4), the wood fillet (6, 7);wherein the resin (5) adheres on the wood fillet (6, 7) and covers thesecond side of the plastic profile (3, 4) but does not adhere to thesecond side, wherein the channels of the plastic profile (3, 4) act asretainers but enable the wood fillet (6, 7) to longitudinally slide withrespect to the plastic profile (3, 4).
 6. The multiple structureprofile, according to claim 1, wherein the metal profile (1) has a wallbetween the lateral faces which is partially spaced apart from the firstside of the plastic profile (3) to form a chamber (22) to house screwsfixing accessories of a sash to the plastic profile (3).
 7. The multiplestructure profile, according to claim 1, wherein the arm (17) is hookedto the wood fillet (6) to enable use when manufacturing sashes.
 8. Themultiple structure profile, according to claim 1, wherein the arm (18)embraces a lateral outer wall of the wood fillet (7) and is housed in agroove (19) in the wood fillet (7) to enable use when manufacturingjambs.